Stein, S. (2016, March 23). Universities, slavery, and the unthought of anti-Blackness. Cultural Dynamics, 28(2), 169–187. doi:10.1177/0921374016634379

Abstract: This article provides insights about the role that beliefs and expectations play in third-party observers’ judgments about expressions of prejudice.


Burt, C. H., Simons, R. L., & Gibbons, F. X. (2012, June 08). Racial discrimination, ethnic-racial socialization, and crime. American Sociological Review, 77(4), 648–677. doi:10.1177/0003122412448648

Abstract: Building on recent studies that analyze race and crime at the micro-level, we specify a social psychological model linking personal experiences with racial discrimination to an increased risk of offending.


Molina, K. M., & James, D. (2016, May 03). Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 19(4), 439–461. doi:10.1177/1368430216641304

Abstract: Collectively, this article suggests a need to investigate other potential mechanisms by which discrimination impacts mental health, and examine further the underlying factors of internalized racism as a potential self-protective strategy.